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Palladium Nanoparticles Embedded into Graphene Nanosheets: Preparation, Characterization, and Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Detection of H 2 O 2
Author(s) -
Liu Hongfang,
Chen Xianlan,
Huang Linhong,
Wang Jian,
Pan Haibo
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.201300428
Subject(s) - graphene , overpotential , palladium , materials science , amperometry , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , electrochemistry , nanoparticle , detection limit , electrocatalyst , graphite , oxide , electrochemical gas sensor , chemical engineering , selectivity , inorganic chemistry , electrode , catalysis , nanotechnology , chemistry , organic chemistry , composite material , chromatography , engineering , metallurgy
Abstract A novel nonenzymatic H 2 O 2 sensor based on a palladium nanoparticles/graphene (Pd‐NPs/GN) hybrid nanostructures composite film modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was reported. The composites of graphene (GN) decorated with Pd nanoparticles have been prepared by simultaneously reducing graphite oxide (GO) and K 2 PdCl 4 in one pot. The Pd‐NPs were intended to enlarge the interplanar spacing of graphene nanosheets and were well dispersed on the surface or completely embedded into few‐layer GN, which maintain their high surface area and prevent GN from aggregating. XPS analysis indicated that the surface Pd atoms are negatively charged, favoring the reduction process of H 2 O 2 . Moreover, the Pd‐NPs/GN/GCE could remarkably decrease the overpotential and enhance the electron‐transfer rate due to the good contact between Pd‐NPs and GN sheets, and Pd‐NPs have high catalytical effect for H 2 O 2 reduction. Amperometric measurements allow observation of the electrochemical reduction of H 2 O 2 at 0.5 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The H 2 O 2 reduction current is linear to its concentration in the range from 1×10 −9 to 2×10 −3 M, and the detection limit was found to be 2×10 −10 M ( S / N =3). The as‐prepared nonenzymatic H 2 O 2 sensor exhibits excellent repeatability, selectivity and long‐term stability.