Fullerene ‐ β ‐ Cyclodextrin Conjugate Based Electrochemical Sensing Device for Ultrasensitive Detection of p ‐Nitrophenol

The article describes the use of a fullerene (C 60 )‐β‐cyclodextrin conjugate, synthesized via 1,3 ‐ dipolar cycloaddition, for the ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of p‐ nitrophenol. This conjugate was successfully immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode and the developed device showed high activity towards p‐ nitrophenol due to the synergetic effect of C 60 , the latter becoming highly conductive upon reduction. The determination of p‐ nitrophenol was performed by using square wave voltammetry over a concentration range from 2.8×10 −9  mol L −1 to 4.2×10 −7  mol L −1 and the detection limit was calculated to be 1.2×10 −9  mol L −1 .