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Antibiotic Detection in Urine Using Electrochemical Sensors Based on Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes
Author(s) -
Moraes Fernando C.,
Silva Tiago A.,
Cesarino Ivana,
Lanza Marcos R. V.,
Machado Sergio A. S.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.201300261
Subject(s) - cyclic voltammetry , horizontal scan rate , differential pulse voltammetry , carbon nanotube , detection limit , materials science , dielectric spectroscopy , electrode , voltammetry , electrochemical gas sensor , analytical chemistry (journal) , electrochemistry , levofloxacin , chemistry , nanotechnology , chromatography , biochemistry , antibiotics
A sensitive way to determine levofloxacin using a sensor based on vertical aligned carbon nanotubes is described. The morphology and the electrochemical performance of the electrodes were characterised by atomic force microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry. A scan‐rate study and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the levofloxacin oxidation product is adsorbed on the electrode surface. Differential pulse voltammetry in phosphate‐buffer solution allowed the development of a method to determine levofloxacin levels in the range of 1.0–10.0 µmol L −1 , with a detection limit of 75.2 nmol L −1 . The proposed sensor was successfully applied in the determination of levofloxacin in urine, and the obtained results were in full agreement with those from the HPLC procedure.