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Development of a Urea Bioprobe Based on Platinized Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrodes
Author(s) -
Nicolau Eduardo,
Fonseca José J.,
Cabrera Carlos R.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.201200459
Subject(s) - urease , urea , reagent , chemistry , electrode , boron , diamond , nitrogen , linear range , inorganic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , detection limit , chromatography , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Urea (CH 6 ON 2 ) is one of the main human nitrogen‐based metabolic wastes. The concentration of urea in blood lies between 2.5–7 mM for healthy individuals, and is commonly used as an indicator for several diseases that may alter this value. Spectrophotometric methods are employed for the determination of blood urea concentration during clinical assays. Although these methods are sensitive, they make use of toxic reagents and complex reaction schemes. Therefore, in this research we present the bioelectrochemical determination of urea by the use of the protein urease (E.C.3.1.1.5) along with a nano‐platinized boron‐doped diamond electrode. This approach has been proven to be efficient and sensitive providing a platform with detection limits of 1.79 mM ( S / N =3). The linear range resulted from 1 mM to 25 mM for the determination of urea, and response time of five minutes.