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Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Hollow Spheres for Immobilization, Direct Electrochemistry, and Biosensing of Protein
Author(s) -
Zhang Zhaohang,
Zhang Rong,
Li Cancan,
Yuan Liang,
Li Peipei,
Yao Li,
Liu Songqin
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.201200002
Subject(s) - biosensor , glucose oxidase , glutaraldehyde , electrochemistry , chitosan , nanocomposite , detection limit , carbon fibers , materials science , chemistry , nanotechnology , electrode , chemical engineering , nuclear chemistry , chromatography , organic chemistry , composite number , composite material , engineering
Abstract Nitrogen‐doped carbon hollow spheres (NCHS) were designed for the immobilization and biosensing of proteins. Chitosan was first functionalized with glutaraldehyde to form cross‐linked chitosan with free CHO groups (GCS). The as‐prepared GCS was used for dispersion of nitrogen‐doped carbon hollow spheres. Using glucose oxidase (GOD) as a model, the NCHS was tested for immobilization of redox proteins and the design of electrochemical biosensors. GOD molecules immobilized in the nanocomposites showed direct electrochemistry with a formal potential of −0.448 V and well electrochemical performance. The proposed biosensor exhibited a linear response to glucose concentrations ranging from 3.7 µM to 18.0 mM with a detection limit of 1.2 µM and a sensitivity of 11.85 µA mM −1 . This biosensor was also applied to detect glucose in human serum samples, accomplishing good recovery in the range of 92–105 %. The nanocomposites provided a good matrix for protein immobilization and biosensor fabrication.