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Bismuth‐Coated Reticulated Vitreous Carbon and Bismuth‐Coated Glassy Carbon Electrodes for On‐Line Coupling of ASV with ICP‐MS
Author(s) -
Liu Lin,
Do Huy N. L.,
Wang Jianxiu,
Zhou Feimeng
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.200900485
Subject(s) - bismuth , electrode , materials science , anodic stripping voltammetry , analytical chemistry (journal) , glassy carbon , inductively coupled plasma , overpotential , anode , inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry , cyclic voltammetry , electrochemistry , mass spectrometry , chemistry , chromatography , plasma , metallurgy , physics , quantum mechanics
Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) has been combined on‐line with inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) using both Bi‐coated reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) and Bi‐coated glassy carbon (GC) disk electrodes. Because the same flow cell is used for the RVC and GC disk electrodes, the analytical performances between these two types of Bi‐coated electrodes can be accurately compared for their utilizations in the ASV‐ICP‐MS technique. Comparison of the performances includes signal enhancement, reproducibility, dynamic range, and hydrodynamic stability of the Bi coating. The results indicate that the signal enhancement produced by the Bi‐coated RVC electrode (in the flow‐through configuration) is greater, while the hydrodynamic stability of the Bi‐coated GC disk electrode is better. Both types of electrodes were found to be highly effective in eliminating the matrix effects that are detrimental to ICP‐MS analysis. For the purpose of metal preconcentration, Bi has similar properties to Hg (e.g., high hydrogen overpotential and ability to accumulate a range of analytes). However, the Bi film is more robust than the Hg film in a flow system and, unlike Hg 2+ , Bi 3+ in the solution does not cause the memory effect (i.e., it does not adhere onto glass nebulizer and spray chamber of ICP over a long period of time). The nontoxicity of bismuth also makes it an environmentally friendly alternative to mercury for coupling ASV on‐line with ICP‐based techniques.