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Determination of Trace Amount of Lead(II) in Sweet Fruit‐Flavored Powder Drinks by Differential Pulse Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry at Carbon Paste Electrode
Author(s) -
Gholivand M. B.,
Malekian M.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.200704019
Subject(s) - stripping (fiber) , detection limit , electrode , carbon paste electrode , chemistry , adsorption , differential pulse voltammetry , cathodic stripping voltammetry , anodic stripping voltammetry , graphite , adsorptive stripping voltammetry , analytical chemistry (journal) , carbon fibers , voltammetry , nuclear chemistry , materials science , chromatography , cyclic voltammetry , electrochemistry , composite number , composite material , organic chemistry
A new method is described for the determination of lead based on the cathodic adsorptive stripping of the lead–nuclear fast red (NFR) at a carbon paste electrode (CPE). The differential pulse voltammograms of the adsorbed complex of lead–NFR are recorded from −0.10 to −0.60 V (versus Ag/AgCl electrode). Optimal conditions were found to be an electrode containing 25% paraffin oil and 75% high purity graphite powder, 4.0×10 −5 mol L −1 NFR; buffer solution (pH of 3.0), accumulation potential and time, −0.20 V, 60 and 120 s (for high and low concentration of lead), respectively. The results show that the complex can be adsorbed on the surface of the CPE, yielding one peak at −0.34 V, corresponding to reduction of NFR in the complex at the electrode. The detection limit was found to be 0.2 ng mL −1 with a 120s accumulation time. The linear ranges are from 0.5 to 50 ( t acc =120 s) and 50 to 200 ng mL −1 ( t acc =60 s). Application of the procedure to the determination of lead in lake water, bottled mineral water, synthetic samples and sweet fruit‐flavored powder drinks samples gave good results.