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Flow Injection Analysis of Maleic Hydrazide Using an Electrochemical Sensor Based on Palladium‐Dispersed Carbon Paste Electrode
Author(s) -
Sánchez A.,
Zapardiel A.,
de Prado F.López,
Bermejo E.,
Moreno M.,
PérezLópez J. A.,
Chicharro M.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.200703912
Subject(s) - amperometry , detection limit , electrode , hydrazide , carbon paste electrode , electrochemistry , flow injection analysis , materials science , electrochemical gas sensor , carbon fibers , working electrode , buffer solution , palladium , cyclic voltammetry , inorganic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , chromatography , catalysis , organic chemistry , composite material , composite number
A new analytical methodology for the electrochemical detection of the herbicide maleic hydrazide (3,6‐dihydroxypyridazine) by flow injection analysis is presented. This method is supported by the novel application of a palladium‐dispersed carbon paste electrode as an amperometric sensor for this herbicide. Maleic hydrazide shows anodic electrochemical activity on carbon‐based electrodes (glassy carbon or carbon paste electrodes) in all the pH range. This electrochemical activity is enhanced using metal‐dispersed carbon paste electrodes, especially at Pd‐dispersed CPE which displays good oxidation signals at 690 mV (0.050 M phosphate buffer pH 7.0), 140 mV lower than at unmodified electrodes. Under the optimized conditions, the electroanalytical performance of Pd‐dispersed CPE in flow injection analysis was excellent, with good reproducibility ( RSD 3.3%) and a wide linear range (1.9×10 −7 to 1.0×10 −4 mol L −1 ). A detection limit of 1.4×10 −8 mol L −1 (0.14 ng maleic hydrazide) was obtained for a sample loop of 100 μL at a fixed potential of 700 mV in 0.050 M phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.0 and a flow rate of 2.0 mL min −1 . The proposed method was applied for the maleic hydrazide detection in natural drinking water samples.