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Nanocauliflowers: A Nanostructured Polyaniline‐Modified Screen‐Printed Electrode with a Self‐Assembled Polystyrene Template and Its Application in an Amperometric Enzyme Biosensor
Author(s) -
Luo Xiliang,
Vidal Gloria Domínguez,
Killard Anthony J.,
Morrin Aoife,
Smyth Malcolm R.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.200603791
Subject(s) - polyaniline , materials science , polystyrene , biosensor , horseradish peroxidase , nanoparticle , amperometry , electrode , chemical engineering , conductive polymer , polyelectrolyte , layer by layer , nanotechnology , polymer , layer (electronics) , electrochemistry , chemistry , polymerization , organic chemistry , composite material , engineering , enzyme
A simple method for the nanostructuring of polyaniline (PANI)‐modified screen‐printed electrodes (SPE) was developed. Polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles were self‐assembled onto a PANI‐modified SPE with the help of the negatively charged polyelectrolyte poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and positively charged poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). The self‐assembled PS nanoparticles could then act as a template for the electropolymerization of an additional layer of PANI. It was found that the additional layer of PANI preferred to grow around the PS nanoparticles, and a highly nodular, ‘cauliflower–like’ nanostructure of PANI was thus formed on the electrode surface, which was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The SPE modified with the nanostructured PANI (nano‐PANI) was further used for the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and developed into a biosensor for hydrogen peroxide. Under optimized conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited a fast response time of about 5 s, a linear range from 2.5×10 −6 to 1.9×10 −4 μM with a detection limit of 0.36 μM, and a high sensitivity of 41.0 μA mM −1 due to the benefits of the nanostructured PANI.