Premium
Lead Determination by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Using a p ‐Phenylenediamine Modified Carbon Paste Electrode
Author(s) -
Adraoui Imane,
El Rhazi Mama,
Amine Aziz.,
Idrissi Laila,
Curulli Antonella,
Palleschi Giuseppe
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.200403140
Subject(s) - chemistry , detection limit , anodic stripping voltammetry , carbon paste electrode , electrode , graphite , electrochemistry , monomer , voltammetry , carbon fibers , stripping (fiber) , cyclic voltammetry , inorganic chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , nuclear chemistry , chromatography , materials science , polymer , organic chemistry , composite material , composite number
Carbon paste electrodes were modified by mixing appropriate amounts of the monomers o ‐phenylendiamine, p ‐phenylendiamine and m ‐phenylendiamine ( o ‐PD, p ‐PD and m ‐PD) into a graphite powder‐paraffin oil matrix. The electropolymerization of the incorporated phenylendiamine was then carried out in a carbon paste electrode in acidic medium by cyclic voltammetry between −0.30 V and +0.90 or under constant potential. The modified carbon paste electrodes (MCPEs) obtained by this electropolymerization method were found to be useful for trace determination of Pb 2+ in aqueous solutions. Lead(II) was first preconcentrated on the modified electrodes by complexation with the modifier, and the electrode was then transferred to an electrochemical cell. The best results in terms of sensitivity and detection limit were obtained with poly p ‐phenylenediamine (poly ( p ‐PD)). For a 10‐min preconcentration time, the calibration plot was linear from 5×10 −8 mol L −1 to 10 −5 mol L −1 , with r 2 =0.999 and relative standard deviation equal to 5%. However, the lowest lead concentration that could be detected was 10 −9 mol L −1 . Interference from metal ions like Cd(II), Hg(II), Zn(II), Fe(II) and Cu(II) was also studied.