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Catalytic Voltammetric Determination of Cladribine in Biological Samples
Author(s) -
delosSantosÁlvarez Noemí,
LoboCastañón María Jesús,
MirandaOrdieres Arturo J.,
TuñónBlanco Paulino
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.200390051
Subject(s) - detection limit , voltammetry , differential pulse voltammetry , chemistry , cladribine , electrochemistry , cyclic voltammetry , redox , catalysis , chromatography , electrode , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , biology , genetics
An electrochemical method for the citotoxic prodrug cladribine determination is proposed. Graphite electrodes modified with cladribine showed a redox process with a formal potential of 0.173 V at pH 6, after the oxidation of the adenine moiety of the drug, whose current can be employed as analytical signal with a detection limit of 75 nM by square‐wave voltammetry. As these oxidation products exhibit great electrocatalytic activity toward the electro‐oxidation of NADH at low potentials, the analytical response can further be amplified. As a result, the detection limit was improved up to 1 nM using differential pulse voltammetry. The method was applied to the determination of cladribine in serum and urine samples after solid‐phase extraction. No electroactive interferences were found in both fluids. The method allows the selective detection of the drug in the presence of the main metabolite, 2‐chloroadenosine, which is not able to electrocatalize the NADH oxidation.