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Thin‐layer composite enzyme electrodes for glucose determinations
Author(s) -
Zawodzinski Thomas A.,
Campbell Carmen,
Davey John,
Gottesfeld Shimshon,
Serach James,
Wilson Mahlon,
Rishpon Judith
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.1140071108
Subject(s) - amperometry , glucose oxidase , electrode , nafion , platinum , deoxygenation , materials science , gas diffusion electrode , composite number , clark electrode , oxygen , layer (electronics) , chemical engineering , working electrode , analytical chemistry (journal) , biosensor , inorganic chemistry , chemistry , chromatography , electrolyte , electrochemistry , composite material , catalysis , nanotechnology , organic chemistry , engineering
We have prepared amperometric glucose sensitive electrodes with a composite active layer consisting of Nafion, glucose oxidase, and carbon‐supported platinum particles. A particularly advantageous configuration results from the use of such a film on a gas diffusion electrode. We demonstrate that the gas diffusion electrode configuration enables us to supply oxygen from the back of the electrode, thus providing the capability of operating the sensor independent of dissolved oxygen. The insensitivity to solution oxygen concentration has been demonstrated by monitoring the glucose response of the electrode after extensive deoxygenation of solution. Cast composite layers yield mechanically robust coatings with high enzyme loadings, and thus high sensitivity to glucose. The electrode responds rapidly and is stable over a long period (90% activity after more than half a year) when stored in solution. We have optimized the composition of the sensitive layer with respect to Nafion to C/Pt ratio and enzyme loading.