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Internalization versus compliance: Differential processes underlying minority influence and conformity
Author(s) -
Maass Anne,
Clark Russell D.
Publication year - 1983
Publication title -
european journal of social psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.609
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1099-0992
pISSN - 0046-2772
DOI - 10.1002/ejsp.2420130302
Subject(s) - conformity , psychology , internalization , social psychology , compliance (psychology) , differential effects , cognition , differential (mechanical device) , genetics , medicine , neuroscience , cell , biology , engineering , aerospace engineering
Two experiments investigated whether minority influence and conformity operate by the same or by different processes. It was predicted that subjects who were simultaneously exposed to a majority and a minority opinion would move towards the minority in private but towards the majority in public. The results of Experiment 1 supported this hypothesis. Experiment 2 investigated three hypotheses predicting that (1) the above interaction would be replicated, (2) minorities would trigger more arguments and counter‐arguments, and (3) cognitive activity would mediate internalization but not compliance. Hypotheses 1 and 3 were supported. The second hypothesis was not supported. However, minorities were found to trigger more arguments and fewer counter‐arguments than majorities. The results were interpreted as supporting the dual process model.