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Chemical and Enzymatic Approaches to Esters of sn ‐Glycero‐3‐Phosphoric Acid
Author(s) -
Semproli Riccardo,
Robescu Marina S.,
Cambò Mattia,
Mema Klodiana,
Bavaro Teodora,
Rabuffetti Marco,
Ubiali Daniela,
Speranza Giovanna
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
european journal of organic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.825
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1099-0690
pISSN - 1434-193X
DOI - 10.1002/ejoc.202100235
Subject(s) - glycerophospholipids , chemistry , phosphatidylethanolamine , phosphatidylcholine , phosphatidylserine , phosphatidylinositol , glycerophospholipid , phosphoric acid , biochemistry , organic chemistry , enzyme , phospholipid , kinase , membrane
Esters of sn ‐glycero‐3‐phosphoric acid (GPAE) are derivatives of glycerophospholipids in which both the fatty acid chains in sn ‐1 and sn ‐2 positions are removed. Phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylserine (PS) are the most abundant glycerophospholipids in Nature. Their deacylated derivatives find application in many industrial sectors; for example, sn ‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (GPC) is useful as a cognitive enhancer and as a food ingredient, whereas sn ‐glycero‐3‐phosphoinositol (GPI) acts as a natural anti‐inflammatory agent. This minireview covers the state‐of‐the‐art of chemical and biocatalytic methods for the obtainment of these lipid‐derived components.