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Supramolecular Catalysts Featuring Crown Ethers as Recognition Units
Author(s) -
Di Stefano Stefano,
Capocasa Giorgio,
Mandolini Luigi
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
european journal of organic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.825
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1099-0690
pISSN - 1434-193X
DOI - 10.1002/ejoc.201901914
Subject(s) - chemistry , pyridinium , supramolecular chemistry , catalysis , crown ether , decarboxylation , substrate (aquarium) , hydride , supramolecular catalysis , combinatorial chemistry , supramolecular assembly , stereochemistry , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry , hydrogen , ion , molecule , oceanography , geology
In its minimal expression, a supramolecular catalyst that acts on a single bound substrate consists of (i) a binding unit that is complementary to a non‐reacting part of the substrate, (ii) a reactive unit capable of catalyzing the reaction of the bound substrate, and (iii) a spacer connecting the two units in a geometry suitable for productive binding. When binding of two or more species is wanted, the number of binding units increases accordingly. This minireview deals with supramolecular catalysts that use crown ether units for the recognition of one or two reactants involved in a variety of reactions, including cleavage of esters and amides, hydride transfer from dihydropyridine to pyridinium, pyruvate decarboxylation, enolate allylation, radical addition to sodium metacrylate, reduction of NO 2 – anion to NO, C–H oxidation of aliphatic chains, and Diels‐Alder reactions.