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Superparamagnetic Fe 3 O 4 Nanoparticles in a Deep Eutectic Solvent: An Efficient and Recyclable Catalytic System for the Synthesis of Primary Carbamates and Monosubstituted Ureas
Author(s) -
Inaloo Iman Dindarloo,
Majnooni Sahar,
Esmaeilpour Mohsen
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
european journal of organic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.825
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1099-0690
pISSN - 1434-193X
DOI - 10.1002/ejoc.201800581
Subject(s) - deep eutectic solvent , chemistry , superparamagnetism , catalysis , phosgene , urea , eutectic system , solvent , nanoparticle , primary (astronomy) , green chemistry , organic chemistry , magnetic nanoparticles , combinatorial chemistry , nanotechnology , reaction mechanism , materials science , physics , magnetization , alloy , quantum mechanics , astronomy , magnetic field
Superparamagnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were used to synthesize various primary carbamates as well as monosubstituted and N , N ‐disubstituted ureas. This efficient phosgene‐free process used urea as an eco‐friendly carbonyl source in the presence of a biocompatible deep eutectic solvent (DES) to provide an inexpensive and attractive route that afforded the products in moderate to excellent yields. The employed DES serves both a catalytic role and as the green reaction medium. The magnetic nanocatalyst and DES can been reused several times without a significant loss of activity.