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Chemical Derivatization of Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans
Author(s) -
Bedini Emiliano,
Laezza Antonio,
Iadonisi Alfonso
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
european journal of organic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.825
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1099-0690
pISSN - 1434-193X
DOI - 10.1002/ejoc.201600108
Subject(s) - derivatization , chemistry , sulfation , dermatan sulfate , heparan sulfate , glycosaminoglycan , uronic acid , chondroitin , chondroitin sulfate , polysaccharide , acylation , disaccharide , keratan sulfate , biochemistry , combinatorial chemistry , organic chemistry , high performance liquid chromatography , catalysis
Sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a family of complex polysaccharides ubiquitously distributed in extracellular matrices and at cell surfaces and playing key roles in a myriad of biological processes. Their structures are based on disaccharide building blocks, usually containing an amino sugar and an uronic acid, decorated with one or more sulfate groups. Many efforts to gain access to a large number of sulfated GAG polysaccharides with potential tailored biomedical applications, usually based on suitable chemical (and chemo‐enzymatic) derivatization procedures that modified the native polysaccharide structures, have been reported in the last two decades. In this review we survey such reactions on the basis of (i) the sulfated GAG substrate [(fucosylated) chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, heparin, and heparan sulfate], and (ii) the sort of structural modification (sulfation pattern modification, oxidation, carboxy group derivatization, N ‐ and O ‐acylation, reducing‐end functionalization).