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Copper Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Cyclization Reactions
Author(s) -
Clark Andrew J.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
european journal of organic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.825
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1099-0690
pISSN - 1434-193X
DOI - 10.1002/ejoc.201501571
Subject(s) - chemistry , catalysis , reactivity (psychology) , ascorbic acid , combinatorial chemistry , reducing agent , radical cyclization , ring (chemistry) , atom transfer radical polymerization , copper , selectivity , photochemistry , organic chemistry , polymerization , medicine , alternative medicine , food science , pathology , polymer
Atom transfer radical cyclization (ATRC) is a powerful technique to prepare functionalized 4–10 membered ring systems using transition metal catalysts. In this review recent advances in the use of copper complexes are described. In particular the effect of different ligands on reactivity, selectivity and product outcome are illustrated with application to heterocycle and natural product synthesis. New approaches that increase catalyst efficiency with supplemental reducing agents are reviewed and examples using green solvents, benign reducing agents (e.g. ascorbic acid) and with catalyst loadings as low as 0.05 mol‐% are highlighted. Radical addition to aromatic rings and rearrangement reactions under ATRC conditions as well as application to radical‐polar crossover reactions are also described.