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Development of Fully Bio‐Based Lubricants from Agro‐Industrial Residues under Environmentally Friendly Processes
Author(s) -
Almeida Mayara O.,
Silva Lucas R. R.,
Kotzebue Lloyd R. V.,
Maia Francisco J. N.,
Acero Juan S. R.,
Mele Giuseppe,
Mazzetto Selma E.,
Sinatora Amilton,
Lomonaco Diego
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
european journal of lipid science and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.614
H-Index - 94
eISSN - 1438-9312
pISSN - 1438-7697
DOI - 10.1002/ejlt.201900424
Subject(s) - cardanol , lubricity , environmentally friendly , raw material , materials science , biochemical engineering , lubricant , petrochemical , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , process engineering , organic chemistry , chemical engineering , chemistry , composite material , ecology , epoxy , biology , engineering
Biolubricants are becoming interesting alternatives to mineral lubricants. Despite their advantages, development of lubricants from vegetable oils may compete with food production, turning their use impractical due to socio‐economic aspects. Here, cardanol is used as raw material in the synthesis of novel biolubricants under environmentally friendly conditions. These compounds are characterized by NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal‐oxidative studies show the elevated stability and higher onset oxidative temperatures. Tribological analyses performed under high‐frequency linear‐oscillation motion indicate lower coefficients of friction and wear rates compared to a synthetic oil. Therefore, cardanol, under simple, fast, and sustainable processes can be transformed into valuable alternatives for petroleum‐based lubricants. Practical Applications : The novel cardanol‐based biolubricants presented in this work show interesting chemical and lubricity properties superior to standard synthetic oils, which make them potential substitutes for the current oil‐based products used as lubricants. Additionally, the ecofriendly methodologies employed reduce significantly the reaction time as well as eliminating the need for catalysts or solvents, making these processes viable alternatives for the traditional methods reported in literature for the synthesis of this class of compounds.