Premium
Oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids: Formation and function in blood and vascular cells
Author(s) -
Lagarde Michel
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
european journal of lipid science and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.614
H-Index - 94
eISSN - 1438-9312
pISSN - 1438-7697
DOI - 10.1002/ejlt.201000045
Subject(s) - polyunsaturated fatty acid , lipoxygenase , glycerophospholipids , chemistry , biochemistry , autoxidation , docosahexaenoic acid , enzyme , phospholipase a2 , function (biology) , fatty acid , biology , phospholipid , membrane , evolutionary biology
Unsaturated fatty acids esterified in glycerophospholipids are abundant components of cell membranes. They can be released by phospholipases, and subsequently converted into oxygenated derivatives by diverse cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and/or cytochrome P 450 enzymes. The best known products, i . e . prostanoids, hydroxylated dienes, trienes, and tetraenes, as well as epoxides, are frequently released and act on blood and vascular cells. The present paper briefly reviews these different aspects, pointing out recent developments in the field of docosanoids produced from docosahexaenoic acid. Practical applications: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are highly oxidizable with multiple possibilities of autoxidation and enzyme‐dependent oxygenation. The present review aims at providing a short and comprehensive overview of the biosynthesis of the main oxygenated products derived from 18, 20, and 22 carbon PUFA with their relevant function in the vascular system. The so‐called octadecanoids, eicosanoids, and docosanoids, respectively, are selected among the numerous isomers because of their recognized biological activities.