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Enzymatic fatty acid exchange in glycero‐phospholipids
Author(s) -
Adlercreutz Patrick,
Lyberg AnnMarie,
Adlercreutz Dietlind
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
european journal of lipid science and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.614
H-Index - 94
eISSN - 1438-9312
pISSN - 1438-7697
DOI - 10.1002/ejlt.200300832
Subject(s) - glycerophospholipids , chemistry , fatty acid , enzyme , hydrolysis , phospholipase , lipase , biochemistry , organic chemistry , chromatography , phospholipid , membrane
Lipases can be used to exchange fatty acids in the sn ‐1 position of glycerophospholipids and phospholipase A 2 is useful for the corresponding exchange reaction in the sn ‐2 position. In both cases, the exchange can be done in a one‐step acidolysis process or in a two‐step process. In the latter case, the original fatty acid in the desired position is removed by enzymatic hydrolysis or alcoholysis and after isolation of the resulting lysophospholipid, the new fatty acid is introduced, using the same enzyme, in an esterification reaction. Several synthesis examples from the literature are reviewed. Incorporation of a new fatty acid into the sn ‐1 position is more favourable than incorporation into the sn ‐2 position because of the magnitudes of the equilibrium constants of the reactions and because lipases can be used at much lower water activity than phospholipase A 2 . With the consecutive use of both enzymes highly pure products with defined fatty acids in both positions can be obtained.