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ZnO Nanoparticles Embedded on a Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheet (ZnO−NPs@r‐GO) as a Proficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for a One‐Pot A 3 ‐Coupling Reaction
Author(s) -
Patel Dikin,
Modi Chetan K.,
Jha Prafulla K.,
Srivastava Himanshu,
Kane Sanjeev R.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
european journal of inorganic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.667
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1099-0682
pISSN - 1434-1948
DOI - 10.1002/ejic.202100368
Subject(s) - nanosheet , graphene , high resolution transmission electron microscopy , catalysis , oxide , nanoparticle , chemistry , coupling reaction , raman spectroscopy , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , materials science , organic chemistry , transmission electron microscopy , physics , engineering , optics
This study reports a simple and facile route for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO−NPs) decorated on reduced graphene oxide nanosheet (ZnO−NPs@r‐GO) as a heterogeneous catalyst and tested over multicomponent one‐pot A 3 ‐coupling reaction. The reduction of graphene oxide with the anchoring of ZnO−NPs on the r‐GO nanosheet was observed through the X‐ray diffraction patterns, Raman, FTIR, and XPS results of the ZnO−NPs@r‐GO sample. ZnO−NPs (average particle size of 3.4±1.5 nm) with uniform size distribution over r‐GO nanosheet were substantiated through HRTEM analysis. Impressively, ZnO−NPs@r‐GO significantly used for A 3 ‐coupling reaction with different aromatic aldehydes, active methylene compounds, and urea and under the optimized reaction conditions gave exceptional activity to produce synthetically valuable 3,4‐dihydropyrimidinones products (possessing diverse therapeutic and pharmacological properties) i. e. 97 % isolated yield of the product. In addition, excellent reusability up to 4 repeated cycles are the key advantages of the present catalyst used for this multicomponent A 3 ‐coupling reaction.