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Toxicity and Protective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria) Depending on Their Preparation Method, Particle Size, Cell Type, and Exposure Route
Author(s) -
Gag Jacinthe,
Fromm Katharina M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
european journal of inorganic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.667
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1099-0682
pISSN - 1434-1948
DOI - 10.1002/ejic.201500643
Subject(s) - chemistry , cerium oxide , nanoparticle , toxicity , particle size , particle (ecology) , cerium , oxidative stress , environmental chemistry , nanotechnology , oxide , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , biochemistry , materials science , oceanography , geology
Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticles) toxicity is currently a concern because of its use in motor vehicles in order to reduce carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and hydrocarbons in exhaust gases. In addition, many questions arise with respect to its biomedical applications exploiting its potential to protect cells against irradiation and oxidative stress. Indeed, toxicology studies on nanoceria report results that seem contradictory, demonstrating toxic effects in some studies, protective effects in others, and sometimes little or no effect at all. The variability in the experimental setups and particle characterization makes these studies difficult to compare and the toxicity of newly developed nanoceria materials challenging to predict. This microreview aims to compare the toxicity of nanoceria in terms of preparation method, particle size, concentration, host organism, and exposure method.