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Ultra‐Low Catalyst Loading as a Concept in Economical and Sustainable Modern Chemistry: The Contribution of Ferrocenylpolyphosphane Ligands
Author(s) -
Hierso JeanCyrille,
Beaupérin Matthieu,
Meunier Philippe
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
european journal of inorganic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.667
H-Index - 136
eISSN - 1099-0682
pISSN - 1434-1948
DOI - 10.1002/ejic.200700405
Subject(s) - chemistry , catalysis , sonogashira coupling , amination , denticity , organic chemistry , homogeneous catalysis , green chemistry , allylic rearrangement , palladium , combinatorial chemistry , heterogeneous catalysis , nanotechnology , reaction mechanism , materials science , crystal structure
The challenge of sustainability in modern chemistry will be met with new technologies and processes provided significant progress is made in several key research areas, such as the expansion of chemistry from renewable feedstock, the design of environmentally benign chemicals and solvents, the minimization of depletive resources, and the development of high‐performance catalysis. In this prospect, ligand chemistry is a pivotal science that links modern‐organic,‐inorganic, ‐organometallic, and ‐coordination chemistry through a vast number of valuable applications, precisely associated to catalysis. We review in this article our recent work on catalysis promoted by original ferrocenyl tetra‐, tri‐, and diphosphane ligands. New concepts, taking advantages of this family of branched multidentate ligands, have led to progress in homogeneous catalysis. The search for catalyst longevity and ultra‐low catalyst loadings (high turnover numbers), on the basis of multidentarity effects and robustness of the ferrocenyl backbone were focused on high‐value palladium‐catalyzed C–C cross‐couplings, such as Heck, Suzuki, and Sonogashira reactions. Low catalyst loading was also explored for C–N cross‐coupling in the allylic amination of achiral substrates. The advantages of this newly born family of ligands in the class of multidentate compounds are discussed in light of the valuable information gathered up to now on their reactivity, structure, and mechanistic behavior.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)