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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of antifungal innate immunity at epithelial barriers: The role of C‐type lectin receptors
Author(s) -
Borriello Francesco,
Zai Ivan,
Granucci Francesca
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
european journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.272
H-Index - 201
eISSN - 1521-4141
pISSN - 0014-2980
DOI - 10.1002/eji.201848054
Subject(s) - biology , innate immune system , pattern recognition receptor , c type lectin , context (archaeology) , receptor , immunology , immune system , immunity , innate lymphoid cell , lectin , microbiology and biotechnology , acquired immune system , biochemistry , paleontology
Abstract Humans are constantly exposed to fungi, either in the form of commensals at epithelial barriers or as inhaled spores. Innate immune cells play a pivotal role in maintaining commensal relationships and preventing skin, mucosal, or systemic fungal infections due to the expression of pattern recognition receptors that recognize fungal cell wall components and modulate both their activation status and the ensuing adaptive immune response. Commensal fungi also play a critical role in the modulation of homeostasis and disease susceptibility at epithelial barriers. This review will outline cellular and molecular mechanisms of anti‐fungal innate immunity focusing on C‐type lectin receptors and their relevance in the context of host‐fungi interactions at skin and mucosal surfaces in murine experimental models as well as patients susceptible to fungal infections.