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Prevention of Output Suppression through Heat Pump Water Heaters for High‐Penetration Residential PV Systems for Long‐Term Operation
Author(s) -
MIYAMOTO YUSUKE,
HAYASHI YASUHIRO
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
electrical engineering in japan
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.136
H-Index - 28
eISSN - 1520-6416
pISSN - 0424-7760
DOI - 10.1002/eej.22997
Subject(s) - environmental science , heat pump , electricity , daytime , penetration (warfare) , photovoltaic system , meteorology , automotive engineering , environmental engineering , engineering , electrical engineering , atmospheric sciences , heat exchanger , mechanical engineering , operations research , physics , geology
SUMMARY There is a danger of output suppression of high‐penetration residential photovoltaic systems due to voltage increase. It is necessa1ry to install new technology to prevent the occurrence of such phenomenon. Therefore, we focused our attention on heat‐pump water heaters (HPWHs). HPWHs are usually used to heat water during nighttime because electricity prices are cheaper than during the daytime for the load leveling in Japan. So they can be used as a countermeasure without additional cost if they are operated during the daytime. However, HPWHs do not have sufficient capacity to absorb inverse energy at each residence. Thus, HPWH operation must be optimized to minimize output suppression loss. In this research, we selected four typical sunny days in spring, summer, autumn, and winter. The optimal HPWH operation was calculated by numerical simulation. The optimal monthly HPWH operation was investigated using the weather forecast assuming actual operation in each season.