A resveratrol derivative modulates TRH and TRH ‐like peptide expression throughout the brain and peripheral tissues of male rats

Abstract Introduction Resveratrol and related polyphenols have therapeutic effects ranging from treatment of depression, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, obesity, diabetes, neurodegeneration and ageing. TRH and TRH‐like peptides, with the structure pGlu‐X‐Pro‐NH 2 , where ‘X can be any amino acid reside, have reproductive, caloric‐restriction‐like, anti‐ageing, pancreatic‐β cell‐enhancing, cardiovascular and neuroprotective effects. We hypothesize that TRH and TRH‐like peptides are mediators of the therapeutic actions of the resveratrol derivative pterostilbene (PT). Methods Sixteen young adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Control group remained on ad libitum chow and water for 10 days. Acute group received ad libitum chow and water for 9 days and then 0.9 g PT/250 g rat chow for 24 h. Chronic animals received PT in chow for 10 days. Withdrawal rats received PT chow for 8 days and then normal chow for 2 days. TRH and TRH‐like peptide levels were measured in medulla oblongata (MED), frontal cortex (FCX), hypothalamus (HY), amygdala (AY), hippocampus (HC), piriform cortex (PIR), nucleus accumbens (NA), entorhinal cortex (ENT), striatum (STR), cerebellum (CBL), anterior cingulate (ACNG), posterior cingulate (PCNG), prostate (PR), liver (L), testis (T), heart (H), pancreas (PAN), adrenals (AD) and epididymis (EP). Results Significant changes in the levels of TRH and TRH‐like peptides occurred throughout the brain and peripheral tissues in response to PT treatment. Conclusion The high responsiveness of PIR, CBL, HY, STR, PCNG, MED, FCX, NA, ACNG and AY in brain and EP and PR is consistent with TRH and TRH‐like peptides participating in the therapeutic effects of PT.