Open AccessEarlier than expected introductions of the Bemisia tabaci B mitotype in Brazil reveal an unprecedented, rapid invasion history
Author(s) -
ParedesMontero Jorge R.,
Rizental Muriel,
Quintela Eliane Dias,
Abreu Aluana Gonçalves de,
Brown Judith K.
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
ecology and evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.17
H-Index - 63
ISSN - 2045-7758
DOI - 10.1002/ece3.8557
Subject(s) - phylogenetic tree , biological dispersal , population , biology , haplotype , genetics , gene , genotype , demography , sociology
During 1991, in Brazil, the presence of the exotic Bemisia tabaci B mitotype was reported in São Paulo state. However, the duration from the time of initial introduction to population upsurges is not known. To investigate whether the 1991 B mitotype outbreaks in Brazil originated in São Paulo or from migrating populations from neighboring introduction sites, country‐wide field samples of B . tabaci archived from 1989–2005 collections were subjected to analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) and nuclear RNA‐binding protein 15 (RP‐15) sequences. The results of mtCOI sequence analysis identified all B . tabaci as the NAFME 8 haplotype of the B mitotype. Phylogenetic analyses of RP‐15 sequences revealed that the B mitotype was likely a hybrid between a B type parent related to a haplotype Ethiopian endemism (NAFME 1–3), and an unidentified parent from the North Africa‐Middle East (NAF‐ME) region. Results provide the first evidence that this widely invasive B mitotype has evolved from a previously undocumented hybridization event. Samples from Rio de Janeiro (1989) and Ceará state (1990), respectively, are the earliest known B mitotype records in Brazil. A simulated migration for the 1989 introduction predicted a dispersal rate of 200–500 km/year, indicating that the population was unlikely to have reached Ceará by 1990. Results implicated two independent introductions of the B mitotype in Brazil in 1989 and 1990, that together were predicted to have contributed to the complete invasion of Brazil in only 30 generations.