Open AccessWill shrinking body size and increasing species diversity of crustaceans follow the warming of the Arctic littoral?
Author(s) -
Węsławski Jan M.,
Legeżyńska Joanna,
WłodarskaKowalczuk Maria
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
ecology and evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.17
H-Index - 63
ISSN - 2045-7758
DOI - 10.1002/ece3.6780
Subject(s) - littoral zone , ecology , gammarus , arctic , amphipoda , biology , crustacean , population size , population , range (aeronautics) , global warming , climate change , materials science , demography , sociology , composite material
Over thirty species of littoral marine Gammaridea occur along the coasts of the North Atlantic. From one to several species can coexist in a single region. There is an evident, inverse relationship between egg incubation time and temperature (from 14 to >120 days) and consequent trends in the size of the animals on reaching maturity (from 5 mm in warmer waters to 30 mm in the coldest ones) and in lifespan (from <6 months to >5 years). Littoral gammarids are a good example of the shrinking size effect of increasing temperatures and size‐related species diversity. In large species, the annual cohorts of the population (3–5 annual size groups) functionally replace the adults of smaller species. The ongoing warming of the European Arctic seas may extend the distribution limits of boreal species so that more Gammarus species may appear on northern coasts hitherto occupied by just one or at most two species.