Open AccessGenomic signatures of the plateless phenotype in the threespine stickleback
Author(s) -
Mazzarella Anna B.,
Boessenkool Sanne,
Østbye Kjartan,
Vøllestad Leif Asbjørn,
Trucchi Emiliano
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
ecology and evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.17
H-Index - 63
ISSN - 2045-7758
DOI - 10.1002/ece3.2072
Subject(s) - stickleback , biology , evolutionary biology , phenotype , parallel evolution , gasterosteus , selective sweep , genetic algorithm , genome , fish <actinopterygii> , single nucleotide polymorphism , zoology , genetics , gene , allele , phylogenetics , fishery , genotype , haplotype
Abstract Understanding the genetic basis of traits involved in adaptive divergence and speciation is one of the most fundamental objectives in evolutionary biology. Toward that end, we look for signatures of extreme plate loss in the genome of freshwater threespine sticklebacks ( G asterosteus aculeatus ). Plateless stickleback have been found in only a few lakes and streams across the world; they represent the far extreme of a phenotypic continuum (plate number) that has been studied for years, although plateless individuals have not yet been the subject of much investigation. We use a dense single nucleotide polymorphism dataset made using RAD seq to study fish from three freshwater populations containing plateless and low plated individuals, as well as fish from full plated marine populations. Analyses were performed using F ast S tructure, sliding windows F ST , B ayescan and latent factor mixed models to search for genomic differences between the low plated and plateless phenotypes both within and among the three lakes. At least 18 genomic regions which may contribute to within‐morph plate number variation were detected in our low plated stickleback populations. We see no evidence of a selective sweep between low and plateless fish; rather reduction of plate number within the low plated morph seems to be polygenic.