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Impaired brain endocannabinoid tone in the activity‐based model of anorexia nervosa
Author(s) -
Collu Roberto,
Scherma Maria,
Piscitelli Fabiana,
Giunti Elisa,
Satta Valentina,
Castelli M. Paola,
Verde Roberta,
Fratta Walter,
Bisogno Tiziana,
Fadda Paola
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
international journal of eating disorders
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.785
H-Index - 138
eISSN - 1098-108X
pISSN - 0276-3478
DOI - 10.1002/eat.23157
Subject(s) - endocannabinoid system , endocrinology , medicine , palmitoylethanolamide , hippocampus , dentate gyrus , hypothalamus , anandamide , amygdala , cannabinoid receptor , cannabinoid , prefrontal cortex , nucleus accumbens , neuroscience , psychology , chemistry , central nervous system , receptor , antagonist , cognition
Objective Despite the growing knowledge on the functional relationship between an altered endocannabinoid (eCB) system and development of anorexia nervosa (AN), to date no studies have investigated the central eCB tone in the activity‐based anorexia (ABA) model that reproduces key aspects of human AN. Method We measured levels of two major eCBs, anandamide (AEA) and 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG), those of two eCB‐related lipids, oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and the cannabinoid type‐1 receptor (CB1R) density in the brain of female ABA rats, focusing on areas involved in homeostatic and rewarding‐related regulation of feeding behavior (i.e., prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, caudato putamen, amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus). Analysis was carried out also at the end of recovery from the ABA condition. Results At the end of the ABA induction phase, 2‐AG was significantly decreased in ABA rats in different brain areas but not in the caudato putamen. No changes were detected in AEA levels in any region, whereas the levels of OEA and PEA were decreased exclusively in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. Furthermore, CB1R density was decreased in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus and in the lateral hypothalamus. After recovery, both 2‐AG levels and CB1R density were partially normalized in some areas. In contrast, AEA levels became markedly reduced in all the analyzed areas. Discussion These data demonstrate an altered brain eCB tone in ABA rats, further supporting the involvement of an impaired eCB system in AN pathophysiology that may contribute to the maintenance of some symptomatic aspects of the disease.