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Self‐objectification and disordered eating: A meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Schaefer Lauren M.,
Thompson J. Kevin
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
international journal of eating disorders
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.785
H-Index - 138
eISSN - 1098-108X
pISSN - 0276-3478
DOI - 10.1002/eat.22854
Subject(s) - disordered eating , objectification , psychology , meta analysis , ethnic group , psychological intervention , clinical psychology , body mass index , developmental psychology , sexual orientation , eating disorders , social psychology , medicine , psychiatry , philosophy , epistemology , pathology , sociology , anthropology
Objective Objectification theory posits that self‐objectification increases risk for disordered eating. Method The current study sought to examine the relationship between self‐objectification and disordered eating using meta‐analytic techniques. Results Data from 53 cross‐sectional studies (73 effect sizes) revealed a significant moderate positive overall effect ( r = .39), which was moderated by gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and measurement of self‐objectification. Specifically, larger effect sizes were associated with female samples and the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale. Effect sizes were smaller among heterosexual men and African American samples. Age, body mass index, country of origin, measurement of disordered eating, sample type and publication type were not significant moderators. Discussion Overall, results from the first meta‐analysis to examine the relationship between self‐objectification and disordered eating provide support for one of the major tenets of objectification theory and suggest that self‐objectification may be a meaningful target in eating disorder interventions, though further work is needed to establish temporal and causal relationships. Findings highlight current gaps in the literature (e.g., limited representation of males, and ethnic and sexual minorities) with implications for guiding future research.