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Development and validation of the sociocultural attitudes towards appearance questionnaire‐4‐revised (SATAQ‐4R)
Author(s) -
Schaefer Lauren M.,
Harriger Jennifer A.,
Heinberg Leslie J.,
Soderberg Taylor,
Kevin Thompson J.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
international journal of eating disorders
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.785
H-Index - 138
eISSN - 1098-108X
pISSN - 0276-3478
DOI - 10.1002/eat.22590
Subject(s) - psychology , construct validity , scale (ratio) , physical attractiveness , construct (python library) , attractiveness , developmental psychology , reliability (semiconductor) , internalization , social psychology , test validity , psychometrics , sociocultural evolution , human physical appearance , medicine , power (physics) , physics , receptor , quantum mechanics , sociology , computer science , anthropology , psychoanalysis , programming language
Objective The Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire‐4 (SATAQ‐4) is a measure of internalization of appearance ideals (i.e., personal acceptance of societal ideals) and appearance pressures (i.e., pressures to achieve the societal ideal). The current study sought to address limitations of the scale in order to increase precision in the measurement of muscular ideal internalization, include an assessment of one's desire for attractiveness, and broaden the measurement of appearance‐related pressures. Method The factor structure, reliability and construct validity of the SATAQ‐4‐Revised were examined among college women ( N = 1,114) in Study 1, adolescent girls ( N = 275) in Study 2, and college men ( N = 290) in Study 3. Results Factor analysis among college women indicated a 7‐factor 31‐item scale, labeled the SATAQ‐4R‐Female: (1) Internalization: Thin/Low Body Fat, (2) Internalization: Muscular, (3) Internalization: General Attractiveness, (4) Pressures: Family, (5) Pressures: Media, (6) Pressures: Peers, and (7) Pressures: Significant Others. SATAQ‐4R‐Female subscales demonstrated good reliability and construct validity among college women. Examination of the SATAQ‐4R‐Female among adolescent girls suggested a six‐factor scale in which peer and significant others items comprised a single subscale. The scale demonstrated good reliability and construct validity in adolescent girls. Examination of the SATAQ‐4R among men produced a 28‐item scale with seven factors paralleling the factors identified among college women. This scale, labeled the SATAQ‐4R‐Male, demonstrated good reliability and construct validity. Discussion Results support the reliability and validity of SATAQ‐4R‐Female in college women and adolescent girls, and the SATAQ‐4R‐Male in college men. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:104–117)