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Impact of disease on the survival of three commercially fished species
Author(s) -
Hoenig John M.,
Groner Maya L.,
Smith Matthew W.,
Vogelbein Wolfgang K.,
Taylor David M.,
Landers Donald F.,
Swenarton John T.,
Gauthier David T.,
Sadler Philip,
Matsche Mark A.,
Haines Ashley N.,
Small Hamish J.,
Pradel Roger,
Choquet Rémi,
Shields Jeffrey D.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
ecological applications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.864
H-Index - 213
eISSN - 1939-5582
pISSN - 1051-0761
DOI - 10.1002/eap.1595
Subject(s) - biology , fishery , epizootic , homarus , population , mark and recapture , american lobster , mortality rate , bass (fish) , ecology , zoology , crustacean , demography , outbreak , virology , sociology
Recent increases in emergent infectious diseases have raised concerns about the sustainability of some marine species. The complexity and expense of studying diseases in marine systems often dictate that conservation and management decisions are made without quantitative data on population‐level impacts of disease. Mark–recapture is a powerful, underutilized, tool for calculating impacts of disease on population size and structure, even in the absence of etiological information. We applied logistic regression models to mark–recapture data to obtain estimates of disease‐associated mortality rates in three commercially important marine species: snow crab ( Chionoecetes opilio ) in Newfoundland, Canada, that experience sporadic epizootics of bitter crab disease; striped bass ( Morone saxatilis ) in the Chesapeake Bay, USA , that experience chronic dermal and visceral mycobacteriosis; and American lobster ( Homarus americanus ) in the Southern New England stock, that experience chronic epizootic shell disease. All three diseases decreased survival of diseased hosts. Survival of diseased adult male crabs was 1% (0.003–0.022, 95% CI ) that of uninfected crabs indicating nearly complete mortality of infected crabs in this life stage. Survival of moderately and severely diseased striped bass (which comprised 15% and 11% of the population, respectively) was 84% (70–100%, 95% CI ), and 54% (42–68%, 95% CI ) that of healthy striped bass. The disease‐adjusted yearly natural mortality rate for striped bass was 0.29, nearly double the previously accepted value, which did not include disease. Survival of moderately and severely diseased lobsters was 30% (15–60%, 95% CI ) that of healthy lobsters and survival of mildly diseased lobsters was 45% (27–75%, 95% CI ) that of healthy lobsters. High disease mortality in ovigerous females may explain the poor recruitment and rapid declines observed in this population. Stock assessments should account for disease‐related mortality when resource management options are evaluated.