Premium
Regenerative responses after mild heart injuries for cardiomyocyte proliferation in zebrafish
Author(s) -
Itou Junji,
Akiyama Ryutaro,
Pehoski Steve,
Yu Xiaodan,
Kawakami Hiroko,
Kawakami Yasuhiko
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
developmental dynamics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.634
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1097-0177
pISSN - 1058-8388
DOI - 10.1002/dvdy.24171
Subject(s) - ventricle , zebrafish , regeneration (biology) , scratching , biology , wound healing , cardiology , heart development , microbiology and biotechnology , neovascularization , medicine , anatomy , angiogenesis , cancer research , immunology , materials science , embryonic stem cell , gene , composite material , biochemistry
Background: The zebrafish heart regenerates after various severe injuries. Common processes of heart regeneration are cardiomyocyte proliferation, activation of epicardial tissue, and neovascularization. In order to further characterize heart regeneration processes, we introduced milder injuries and compared responses to those induced by ventricular apex resection, a widely used injury method. We used scratching of the ventricular surface and puncturing of the ventricle with a fine tungsten needle as injury‐inducing techniques. Results: Scratching the ventricular surface induced subtle cardiomyocyte proliferation and responses of the epicardium. Endothelial cell accumulation was limited to the surface of the heart. Ventricular puncture induced cardiomyocyte proliferation, endocardial and epicardial activation, and neo‐vascularization, similar to the resection method. However, the degree of the responses was milder, correlating with milder injury. Sham operation induced epicardial aldh1a2 expression but not tbx18 and WT1. Conclusions: Puncturing the ventricle induces responses equivalent to resection at milder degrees in a shorter time frame and can be used as a simple injury model. Scratching the ventricle did not induce heart regeneration and can be used for studying wound responses to epicardium. Developmental Dynamics 243:1477–1486, 2014 . © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.