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Expression of AP‐2δ in the developing chick retina
Author(s) -
Li Xiaodong,
Glubrecht Darryl D.,
Mita Raja,
Godbout Roseline
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
developmental dynamics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.634
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1097-0177
pISSN - 1058-8388
DOI - 10.1002/dvdy.21744
Subject(s) - retina , biology , in situ hybridization , immunostaining , ganglion , microbiology and biotechnology , ganglion cell layer , embryonic stem cell , inner nuclear layer , embryogenesis , messenger rna , anatomy , neuroscience , immunohistochemistry , embryo , gene , genetics , immunology
AP‐2 is a family of transcription factors that play important roles during embryonic development. Two AP ‐ 2 genes, AP ‐ 2 α and AP ‐ 2 β, have previously been characterized in chick retina. Here, we demonstrate that a third member of the chicken AP‐2 family, AP ‐ 2 δ, is primarily expressed in the retina and brain, with highest levels at embryonic days 7 to 11. By in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis, we show that AP ‐ 2 δ RNA and protein are found in a subset of ganglion cells in embryonic chick retina. Co‐immunostaining with anti‐Brn3a and anti–AP‐2δ antibodies indicates that approximately one‐third of Brn3a‐positive ganglion cells express AP‐2δ. AP ‐ 2 δ RNA but not AP‐2δ protein is also found in cells located in the outer half of the inner nuclear layer. The spatial and temporal distribution of AP‐2δ protein in the retina suggests a transient role in a subset of late‐born ganglion cells likely involving axonal trafficking or pathfinding. Developmental Dynamics 237:3210–3221, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.