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Sonic hedgehog is required for the assembly and remodeling of branchial arch blood vessels
Author(s) -
Kolesová Hana,
Roelink Henk,
Grim Miloš
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
developmental dynamics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.634
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1097-0177
pISSN - 1058-8388
DOI - 10.1002/dvdy.21608
Subject(s) - sonic hedgehog , biology , anatomy , dorsal aorta , mesenchyme , morphogen , aorta , morphogenesis , microbiology and biotechnology , embryo , medicine , signal transduction , haematopoiesis , stem cell , biochemistry , gene
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a morphogen involved in many developmental processes. Injection of cells (5E1) that produce a Shh‐blocking antibody causes an attenuation of the Shh response, and this causes vascular malformations and impaired remodeling characterized by hemorrhages and protrusions of the anterior cardinal vein and outflow tract, delayed fusion of the dorsal aortae, impaired branching of the internal carotid artery, and delayed remodeling of the aortic arches. Distribution of smooth muscle cells in the vessel wall is unchanged. In 5E1‐injected embryos, we also observed impaired assembly of endothelial cells into vascular tubes, particularly in the sixth branchial arch, around the anterior cardinal vein and around the dorsal aorta. In 5E1‐treated embryos, increased numbers of macrophage‐like cells, apoptotic cells, and a decreased level of proliferation were observed in head mesenchyme. Together, these observations show that Shh signaling is required at multiple stages for proper vessel formation and remodeling. Developmental Dynamics 237:1923–1934, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.