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T‐box genes and heart development: Putting the “T” in heart
Author(s) -
Plageman Timothy F.,
Yutzey Katherine E.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
developmental dynamics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.634
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1097-0177
pISSN - 1058-8388
DOI - 10.1002/dvdy.20201
Subject(s) - biology , tbx1 , heart development , gene , lineage (genetic) , genetics , gene family , vertebrate , promoter , gene expression , embryonic stem cell
Abstract Members of the T‐box gene family (Tbx) are essential for normal heart development, and mutations in human TBX genes cause congenital cardiovascular malformations. T‐box genes have been implicated in early cardiac lineage determination, chamber specification, valvuloseptal development, and diversification of the specialized conduction system in vertebrate embryos. These genes include Tbx1 , Tbx2 , Tbx3 , Tbx5 , Tbx18 , and Tbx20 , all of which exhibit complex temporal spatial regulation in developing cardiac structures. Less is known about T‐box genes in invertebrate heart development, but multiple T‐box genes are expressed in Drosophila cardiac lineages. The molecular hierarchies and developmental processes controlled by T‐box genes in the heart are the focus of this review. Developmental Dynamics 232:11–20, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.