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Two nodal‐responsive enhancers control left–right asymmetric expression of Nodal
Author(s) -
Saijoh Yukio,
Oki Shinya,
Tanaka Chinatsu,
Nakamura Tetsuya,
Adachi Hitoshi,
Yan YuTing,
Shen Michael M.,
Hamada Hiroshi
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
developmental dynamics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.634
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1097-0177
pISSN - 1058-8388
DOI - 10.1002/dvdy.20192
Subject(s) - nodal , biology , enhancer , nodal signaling , nodal analysis , anatomy , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , gene expression , gene , gastrulation , embryo , physics , embryogenesis , quantum mechanics
Abstract Asymmetric expression of Nodal in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) plays the major role in left–right (L‐R) patterning. A Nodal‐responsive enhancer located in the intron 1 (ASE) regulates asymmetric Nodal expression, but it is unknown how Nodal expression is initiated in the left LPM. Here, we have identified a second asymmetric enhancer ( l eft s ide‐specific e nhancer, LSE) in the upstream region of mouse Nodal gene. LSE is also located in the corresponding region of human NODAL . L‐R specificity of LSE is affected by iv and inv mutations. The requirement of a conserved FoxH1‐binding sequence for LSE activity and the dependence of LSE activity on Nodal coreceptor Cryptic indicate that LSE is activated by Nodal signal. However, the mutant mouse lacking LSE does not show obvious L‐R patterning defects. These results suggest that Nodal expression in the left LPM is induced by a combination of two Nodal‐responsive autoregulatory enhancers, ASE and LSE. Developmental Dynamics 232:1031–1036, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.