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Stanozolol‐N‐glucuronide metabolites in human urine samples as suitable targets in terms of routine anti‐doping analysis
Author(s) -
Göschl Lorenz,
Gmeiner Günter,
Gärtner Peter,
Stadler Georg,
Enev Valentin,
Thevis Mario,
Schänzer Wilhelm,
Guddat Sven,
Forsdahl Guro
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
drug testing and analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.065
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1942-7611
pISSN - 1942-7603
DOI - 10.1002/dta.3109
Subject(s) - stanozolol , glucuronide , anabolic androgenic steroids , urine , chromatography , chemistry , anabolic steroid , ethyl glucuronide , anabolism , biochemistry , alcohol , alcohol consumption
The exogenous anabolic‐androgenic steroid (AAS) stanozolol stays one of the most detected substances in professional sports. Its detection is a fundamental part of doping analysis, and the analysis of this steroid has been intensively investigated for a long time. This contribution to the detection of stanozolol doping describes for the first time the unambiguous proof for the existence of 17‐epistanozolol‐1′N‐glucuronide and 17‐epistanozolol‐2′N‐glucuronide in stanozolol‐positive human urine samples due to the access to high‐quality reference standards. Examination of excretion study samples shows large detection windows for the phase‐II metabolites stanozolol‐1′N‐glucuronide and 17‐epistanozolol‐1′N‐glucuronide up to 12 days and respectively up to almost 28 days. In addition, we present appropriate validation parameters for the analysis of these metabolites using a fully automatic method online solid‐phase extraction (SPE) method already published before. Limits of identification (LOIs) as low as 100 pg/ml and other validation parameters like accuracy, precision, sensitivity, robustness, and linearity are given.