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Oral fluid with three modes of collection and plasma methamphetamine and amphetamine enantiomer concentrations after controlled intranasal l‐methamphetamine administration
Author(s) -
Newmeyer Matthew N.,
Concheiro Marta,
Costa Jose Luiz,
Flegel Ronald,
Gorelick David A.,
Huestis Marilyn A.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
drug testing and analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.065
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1942-7611
pISSN - 1942-7603
DOI - 10.1002/dta.1784
Subject(s) - methamphetamine , amphetamine , pseudoephedrine , stimulant , pharmacology , oral administration , medicine , chemistry , ephedrine , dopamine
Methamphetamine is included in drug testing programmes due to its high abuse potential. d‐Methamphetamine is a scheduled potent central nervous system stimulant, while l‐methamphetamine is the unscheduled active ingredient in the over‐the‐counter nasal decongestant Vicks® VapoInhaler™. No data are available in oral fluid (OF) and few in plasma after controlled Vicks® VapoInhaler™ administration. We quantified methamphetamine and amphetamine enantiomers in OF collected with two different devices and plasma via a fully validated liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method. Additionally, OF were analyzed with an on‐site screening device. Sixteen participants received 7 Vicks® VapoInhaler™ doses according to manufacturer's recommendations. Specimens were collected before and up to 32 h after the first dose. No d‐methamphetamine or d‐amphetamine was detected in any sample. All participants had measurable OF l‐methamphetamine with median maximum concentrations 14.8 and 16.1 μg/L in Quantisal™ and Oral‐Eze® devices, respectively, after a median of 5 doses. One participant had measurable OF l‐amphetamine with maximum concentrations 3.7 and 5.5 μg/L after 6 doses with the Quantisal™ and Oral‐Eze® devices, respectively. There were no positive DrugTest® 5000 results. In the cutoff range 20–50 μg/L methamphetamine with amphetamine ≥limit of detection, 3.1–10.1% of specimens were positive; first positive results were observed after 1–4 doses. Two participants had detectable plasma l‐methamphetamine, with maximum observed concentrations 6.3 and 10.0 μg/L after 2 and 5 doses, respectively. Positive OF and plasma methamphetamine results are possible after Vicks® VapoInhaler™ administration. Chiral confirmatory analyses are necessary to rule out VapoInhaler™ intake. Implementing a selective d‐methamphetamine screening assay can help eliminate false‐positive OF results. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.