Premium
The dynamic role of bone morphogenetic proteins in neural stem cell fate and maturation
Author(s) -
Bond Allison M.,
Bhalala Oneil G.,
Kessler John A.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
developmental neurobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.716
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1932-846X
pISSN - 1932-8451
DOI - 10.1002/dneu.22022
Subject(s) - biology , bone morphogenetic protein , neuroectoderm , neurogenesis , neuroscience , neural crest , neural stem cell , subgranular zone , subventricular zone , forebrain , microbiology and biotechnology , wnt signaling pathway , ectoderm , bone morphogenetic protein 4 , stem cell , anatomy , signal transduction , central nervous system , mesoderm , embryonic stem cell , embryogenesis , embryo , genetics , gene
The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of powerful morphogens that are critical for development of the nervous system. The effects of BMP signaling on neural stem cells are myriad and dynamic, changing with each stage of development. During early development inhibition of BMP signaling differentiates neuroectoderm from ectoderm, and BMP signaling helps to specify neural crest. Thus modulation of BMP signaling underlies formation of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. BMPs secreted from dorsal structures then form a gradient which helps pattern the dorsal–ventral axis of the developing spinal cord and brain. During forebrain development BMPs sequentially induce neurogenesis and then astrogliogenesis and participate in neurite outgrowth from immature neurons. BMP signaling also plays a critical role in maintaining adult neural stem cell niches in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and subgranular zone (SGZ). BMPs are able to exert such diverse effects through closely regulated temporospatial expression and interaction with other signaling pathways. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 1068–1084, 2012