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The biology of chronic foot ulcers in persons with diabetes
Author(s) -
Gary Sibbald R.,
Woo Kevin Y.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.307
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1520-7560
pISSN - 1520-7552
DOI - 10.1002/dmrr.847
Subject(s) - diabetic foot , proteases , diabetes mellitus , diabetic foot ulcer , wound healing , medicine , inflammation , oxidative stress , foot (prosody) , bioinformatics , immunology , biology , endocrinology , biochemistry , enzyme , linguistics , philosophy
Diabetic foot ulcers constitute a major health problem and they are recalcitrant to healing due to a constellation of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The purpose of this article is to review the potential biological mechanisms that deter healing and perpetuate inflammatory responses in chronic diabetes foot ulcers. The link between hyperglycemia induced oxidative stress and its negative impact on cellular functions are explained. Key evidence related to alteration in tissue perfusion, bacterial balance, sustained proteases and cytokines release, leukocyte function, and growth factor production at the local wound level are summarized. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.