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Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular outcome in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes: A pilot study
Author(s) -
Villano Angelo,
Mencarelli Erica,
Melita Veronica,
Rizzi Alessandro,
Lamendola Priscilla,
De Vita Antonio,
Manfredonia Laura,
Ravenna Salvatore Emanuele,
Pitocco Dario,
Lanza Gaetano Antonio,
Crea Filippo
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.307
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1520-7560
pISSN - 1520-7552
DOI - 10.1002/dmrr.3215
Subject(s) - mace , medicine , asymptomatic , cardiology , type 2 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes mellitus , endothelial dysfunction , myocardial infarction , angina , coronary artery disease , clinical endpoint , conventional pci , clinical trial , endocrinology
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, but risk stratification of asymptomatic T2DM patients remains a challenging issue. We conducted a pilot study to assess whether endothelial dysfunction might help identify, among asymptomatic T2DM patients, those at increased risk of cardiovascular events. Methods We studied 61 consecutive T2DM patients with no evidence of cardiovascular disease and no insulin therapy. Endothelial function was assessed by flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) of the right brachial artery. The primary endpoint was a combination of major cardiovascular events (MACE: cardiovascular death, acute coronary events, coronary interventions, and acute cerebrovascular accidents). FMD was repeated at follow‐up in 48 patients (79%). Results A total of 10 MACE (16.4%) occurred during a mean follow‐up of 48 months, including three acute myocardial infarctions, five coronary revascularizations for stable angina, and two acute ischaemic strokes. FMD at enrolment was lower in patients with compared with patients without MACE (3.78 ± 0.97% vs 4.70 ± 1.33%, respectively; P = .04). No other clinical or laboratory variables (age, diabetes duration, glycated haemoglobin, cardiovascular risk factors, drug therapy, and nitrate‐mediated dilation) were associated with MACE. FMD at follow‐up was also lower in patients with (n = 10) compared with those without (n = 38) MACE (3.66 ± 1.29 vs 4.85 ± 1.92; P = .006). Conclusions Our data suggest that assessment of FMD might be helpful to identify patients at increased risk of MACE among individuals with asymptomatic T2DM; accordingly, a large study is warranted to adequately define the clinical utility of FMD assessment in the management of T2DM patients.