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Treat‐to‐target HbA 1c and lipid profile to prolong β‐cell mass/function and optimize treatment goal attainment
Author(s) -
Gagliardino Juan J.,
Elgart Jorge,
Forti Luján,
Guaita María Silvina,
Chantelot Jean M.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.307
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1520-7560
pISSN - 1520-7552
DOI - 10.1002/dmrr.3166
Subject(s) - medicine , diabetes mellitus , logistic regression , type 2 diabetes , triglyceride , univariate analysis , cholesterol , insulin , lipid profile , endocrinology , multivariate analysis
Background To evaluate the relation between different serum lipid fractions and other known barriers to attain the HbA 1c ≤ 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) target. Methods Data on 2719 patients with type 2 diabetes were collected from the five waves of the International Diabetes Mellitus Practice Study implemented in Argentina (2006 to 2012) including demographic/socioeconomic profile, clinical, metabolic (HbA 1c and serum lipids) data, and treatment type and also, percentage of treatment goal attainment. Descriptive statistical analyses included ANOVA, χ 2 test, and Fisher exact test and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, which identified predictive factors for HbA 1c ≤ 7% (53 mmol/mol). Results The average age was 63 years, primary/secondary education, health insurance, 10‐year type 2 diabetes duration, most associated with cardiovascular risk factors and some microvascular/macrovascular complications; 94.5% received antihyperglycaemic drugs. Percentage of people on target: HbA 1c 51.2%, blood pressure 23.5%, total cholesterol 62.6%, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 38.9%, and triglycerides 61.1%. HbA 1c on target depended markedly on treatment type: more of those treated with lifestyle changes and significantly fewer of those receiving insulin. Only 4.1% had all parameters simultaneously on target. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that achieving HbA 1c ≤ 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) was associated with higher educational level, shorter diabetes duration, and having reached goals for LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, whereas opposite results were obtained with insulin treatment and longer diabetes duration. Conclusions High LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels simultaneously potentiate development/progression of chronic complications, exerting this effect in the long term by decreasing β‐cell mass/function, thereby making it more difficult to reach HbA 1c values able to prevent complications.