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Distinct neutrophil counts and functions in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, and type 2 diabetes
Author(s) -
Huang Juan,
Xiao Yang,
Zheng Peilin,
Zhou Wenzhi,
Wang Yanfei,
Huang Gan,
Xu Aimin,
Zhou Zhiguang
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.307
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1520-7560
pISSN - 1520-7552
DOI - 10.1002/dmrr.3064
Subject(s) - type 1 diabetes , immunology , autoantibody , diabetes mellitus , chemokine , medicine , neutrophil extracellular traps , type 2 diabetes , autoimmunity , absolute neutrophil count , chemotaxis , endocrinology , receptor , antibody , inflammation , neutropenia , toxicity
Background Recent discoveries from animal models demonstrated that neutrophils can induce type 1 diabetes (T1D) through infiltrating into the islets. However, the evidence of their actions in T1D patients is relatively rare, and the change trend of neutrophil numbers and functions in different subtypes of diabetes has not been investigated. Methods Patients with newly diagnosed T1D ( n = 189), latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) ( n = 86), T2D ( n = 235), and healthy controls ( n = 709) were enrolled. Circulating neutrophil counts were measured, and their correlations with clinical parameters were analysed. Neutrophils were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and magnetic bead cell sorting method. Neutrophil migration rate and chemokine levels in the blood were explored by trans‐well and ELISA, respectively. Neutrophil phagocytosis rate, adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors expression were investigated by flow cytometry. Results Compared with controls, neutrophil counts decreased in T1D patients but increased in T2D patients, with no change in LADA patients. The numbers showed a gradual increase trend from T1D, LADA to T2D. In autoimmune diabetes, neutrophil counts were associated with the number and titre of positive autoantibodies against β‐cell antigens. No difference was found in neutrophil phagocytosis rate, but neutrophil migration in T1D patients was impaired and associated with CD62L expression, which was related closely to the titre of autoantibody. Conclusions Neutrophil numbers and migration abilities displayed distinct levels in different types of diabetes. In T1D, CD62L seems to play an important role in the migration of neutrophils and β‐cell autoimmunity.