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Early‐onset type 2 diabetes: Age gradient in clinical and behavioural risk factors in 5115 persons with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes—Results from the DD2 study
Author(s) -
Bo A.,
Thomsen R.W.,
Nielsen J.S.,
Nicolaisen S.K.,
BeckNielsen H.,
Rungby J.,
Sørensen H.T.,
Hansen T.K.,
Søndergaard J.,
Friborg S.,
Lauritzen T.,
Maindal H.T.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.307
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1520-7560
pISSN - 1520-7552
DOI - 10.1002/dmrr.2968
Subject(s) - medicine , dyslipidemia , diabetes mellitus , confidence interval , body mass index , type 2 diabetes , gastroenterology , poisson regression , obesity , cohort , endocrinology , population , environmental health
Abstract Aim To examine the association between early onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and clinical and behavioural risk factors for later complications of diabetes. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional study of 5115 persons with incident type 2 DM enrolled during 2010‐2015 in the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes‐cohort. We compared risk factors at time of diagnosis among those diagnosed at ≤45 years (early onset) with diagnosis age 46 to 55, 56 to 65 (average onset = reference), 66 to 75, and >75 years (late onset). Prevalence ratios (PRs) were computed by using Poisson regression. Results Poor glucose control, ie, HbA1c ≥ 75 mmol/mol (≥9.0%) in the early‐, average‐, and late‐onset groups was observed in 12%, 7%, and 1%, respectively (PR 1.70 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.27, 2.28] and PR 0.17 [95% CI 0.06, 0.45]). A similar age gradient was observed for severe obesity (body mass index > 40 kg/m 2 : 19% vs. 8% vs. 2%; PR 2.41 [95% CI 1.83, 3.18] and 0.21 (95% CI 0.08, 0.57]), dyslipidemia (90% vs. 79% vs. 68%; PR 1.14 [95% CI 1.10, 1.19] and 0.86 [95% CI 0.79, 0.93]), and low‐grade inflammation (C‐reactive protein > 3.0 mg/L: 53% vs. 38% vs. 26%; PR 1.41 [95% CI 1.12, 1.78] and 0.68 [95% CI 0.42, 1.11]). Daily smoking was more frequent and meeting physical activity recommendations less likely in persons with early‐onset type 2 DM. Conclusions We found a clear age gradient, with increasing prevalence of clinical and behavioural risk factors the younger the onset age of type 2 DM. Younger persons with early‐onset type 2 DM need clinical awareness and support.