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Essential phospholipids prevent islet damage induced by proinflammatory cytokines and hypoxic conditions
Author(s) -
Shahbazov Rauf,
Kanak Mazhar A.,
Takita Morihito,
Kunnathodi Faisal,
Khan Omar,
Borenstein Nofit,
Lawrence Michael C.,
Levy Marlon F.,
Naziruddin Bashoo
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.307
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1520-7560
pISSN - 1520-7552
DOI - 10.1002/dmrr.2714
Subject(s) - proinflammatory cytokine , islet , chemistry , immunology , medicine , inflammation , endocrinology , diabetes mellitus
Background The pancreatic islet damage that occurs through an inflammatory response and hypoxia after infusion is a major hurdle in islet transplantation. Because essential phospholipids (EPL) have been shown to exhibit anti‐inflammatory properties in liver disease, we analysed their protective effect on islets in inflammatory or hypoxic conditions. Methods We evaluated the viability of mouse and human islets cultured with cytokines or in hypoxic conditions for 48 h and measured cytokine expression in islets by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We then employed an in vivo mouse assay, transplanting a marginal dose of human islets treated with or without EPL into the subcapsule of the kidney in diabetic nude mice and determining the cure rate. Results The viability of mouse and human islets damaged by cytokines was significantly improved by supplementation of EPL in the culture ( p = 0.003 and <0.001 for mouse and human islets respectively). EPL significantly inhibited intracellular expression of IL‐1β and IL‐6 in cytokine‐damaged human islets ( p < 0.001). The viability of human islets in hypoxic conditions was significantly better when treated with EPL ( p < 0.001). In the in vivo mouse assay, the EPL‐treated islet group had a higher cure rate than the untreated control, with marginal statistical significance (75 and 17% respectively, p = 0.07). Conclusions EPL could be a potent agent to protect islets from inflammatory and hypoxic conditions after isolation procedures. Further studies to clarify the effect of EPL in islet transplantation are warranted. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.