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Gamma‐glutamyltransferase, cardiovascular disease and mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus
Author(s) -
Sluik Diewertje,
Beulens Joline W.J.,
Weikert Cornelia,
Dieren Susan,
Spijkerman Annemieke M.W.,
A Daphne L.,
Fritsche Andreas,
Joost HansGeorg,
Boeing Heiner,
Nöthlings Ute
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.307
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1520-7560
pISSN - 1520-7552
DOI - 10.1002/dmrr.2261
Subject(s) - medicine , hazard ratio , diabetes mellitus , quartile , confidence interval , population , prospective cohort study , endocrinology , environmental health
Abstract Background Increased plasma activity of gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality in the general population. We investigated the association between GGT, CVD and mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Methods Data used were from 1280 participants, aged 35–70 years, with a confirmed diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition in Potsdam (Germany), Bilthoven and Utrecht (the Netherlands). Multivariate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for CVD (non‐fatal and fatal events) and overall mortality were estimated using sex‐specific quartiles of GGT. Results After 8.2 years follow‐up, 108 incident CVD cases and 84 deaths were observed. Participants with high GGT activity had an increased mortality risk: HR in the highest quartile was 3.96 (95% CI 1.74, 9.00). This association was in particular present in former and current smokers, younger persons and those with a higher waist–height ratio and alcohol consumption. No associations were observed for non‐fatal CVD and non‐fatal and fatal CVD events combined. Conclusions Higher GGT plasma activity is associated with increased all‐cause mortality in individuals with diabetes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.