Premium
Cumulative risk exposure moderates the association between parasympathetic reactivity and inhibitory control in preschool‐age children
Author(s) -
Giuliano Ryan J.,
Roos Leslie E.,
Farrar Jessica D.,
Skowron Elizabeth A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
developmental psychobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.055
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1098-2302
pISSN - 0012-1630
DOI - 10.1002/dev.21608
Subject(s) - vagal tone , psychology , cumulative risk , reactivity (psychology) , risk factor , developmental psychology , parasympathetic nervous system , association (psychology) , autonomic nervous system , young adult , audiology , medicine , heart rate , blood pressure , alternative medicine , psychotherapist , pathology
A child's cumulative risk for early exposure to stress has been linked to alterations of self‐regulation outcomes, including neurobiological correlates of inhibitory control (IC). We examined whether children's ability to engage the parasympathetic nervous system impacts how risk affects IC. Children ages 3–5 years completed two laboratory measures of IC while respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was measured, indexing parasympathetic activity. Children with greater risk demonstrated lower IC; risk also moderated associations between RSA reactivity and IC. For children with less risk, greater RSA withdrawal during IC tasks was associated with better IC. In contrast, greater risk was associated with poor IC, regardless of RSA withdrawal. Effects of risk were more pronounced for cumulative than individual measures. Results suggest that cumulative risk exposure disrupts connectivity between physiological and behavioral components of self‐regulation in early childhood. Parasympathetic withdrawal to cognitive tasks may be less relevant for performance in developmental samples experiencing greater life stress.